Pratibha Patil

Patil was the first woman to serve as president of India (2007–2012). Patil earned a master’s degree in political science and economics at Moolji Jaitha College, Jalgaon, and later received a law degree from Government Law College, Mumbai. She joined the Indian...

Herman Van Rompuy

Herman Van Rompuy, in full Herman Achille Van Rompuy, (born October 31, 1947, Brussels, Belgium), Belgian politician who served as prime minister of Belgium (2008–09). He later was the first permanent president of the European Council (2010–14), the chief...

Wolfang Schüssel

From 2000 to 2007, Wolfgang Schüssel served as Federal Chancellor of Austria, chairing the European Council during Austria‘s EU Presidency in the first half of 2006.  His term in office saw the introduction of the Euro, a comprehensive reform of Austria’s pension...

José Manuel Durao Barroso

Born on March 23rd, 1956, Lisbon, Portugal. After receiving a law degree at the University of Lisbon (1978), Barroso continued his studies at the University of Geneva, where he earned a European studies degree and a master’s degree (1981) in political science. Barroso...